Altria's Commitment to the Environment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Altria's Commitment to the Environment - Essay Example It needs to change purchasers' consideration from the organization for being exclusively a tobacco and liquor organization and show that it has genuine ecological concerns so it seeks after activities amicable to individuals. It would have been pointless if these worries were just piece of an advertising plan and were not executed as a general rule. Individuals, these days, have gotten all the more naturally cognizant so it is to the greatest advantage of an organization to show that it regards the earth and it doesn't challenge the different ecological gatherings. Altria needs to show that it needs to ensure individuals' wellbeing and the most ideal approach to show it is by regarding the earth. No, the responsibility won't counterbalance the natural issues with the tobacco organization, at any rate not in the short - run. Every choice of the organization caused open will to affect its different partners. In this way, an advertising effort as this one won't bring the ideal outcomes if the remainder of organization choices and technique show the inverse. Regardless of whether the organization choices are as per the natural issues, still a negative impression of the picture requires a great deal of time so as to be changed into a positive one. Altria should be genuine with its clients and in spite of the fact that it executes its ecological activities it needs to adjust its methodology as an organization and become truly worried for buyer's wellbeing so this requires a vital change from the tobacco business and differentiate its item portfolio in like manner. Reference List Harrison, J.S., Hitt, M.A. and Ireland, D. (2001). Mergers and acquisitions: A manual for making an incentive for Stakeholders, Oxford University Press. Kimmel, A.J.(2004). Bits of gossip and Rumor Control: A Manager's Guide to Understanding and Combating Rumors. Lawrence Erlbaum Associates. McCall, J.B. and Stone, M.A.(2004). Universal Strategic Marketing: An European Perspective.

Lord of the Flies - Civilisation vs. Savagery free essay sample

Restricted to this normal fiendishness is the educated arrangement of ethics, great conduct and rules, the â€Å"Super-ego†, that are forced on each person by its environmental factors and that development society. Golding recommends that these principles can't destroy our inalienable wickedness part, yet are proficient to alleviate the full articulation of out brutality. All through the novel Golding partners the sense of civilisation with great and the impulse of viciousness with detestable. The story begins with two of the abandoned, English young men, Ralph and Piggy, finding a conch shell and utilizing it to gather the other abandoned kids. At this get together the young men equitably choose a pioneer, to be specific Ralph. This political decision and the picked pioneer are the portrayal of civilisation, since popular government is a social framework dependent on equity and the enthusiasm of the gathering. The equitably picked pioneer Ralph and his conch shell, which empowers popular government and in this way a type of request to create inside the gathering, are the images of rule and edified society. We will compose a custom article test on Ruler of the Flies Civilisation versus Brutality or on the other hand any comparative theme explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page The second competitor of this political decision is Jack, an English ensemble kid, who is shocked when he doesn’t win the political race. To fulfill him, Ralph places him accountable for chasing. Jacks want to murder the pigs, to show his fortitude, so his intrinsic want to slaughter is directed into something gainful by Ralph, by letting Jack give food by chasing. This recommends society, in this model again spoke to by Ralph, has the obligation to give outlet to the savage driving forces of every person. The chasing of first pigs and, later on people additionally shows the slow plunge into brutality. As their inclination to catch and execute a pig develops, so do their savage driving forces. This can be seen plainly in the examination of the main chasing scene and the primary fruitful executing. During the principal chase they young men accidently go over a youthful piglet that is up to speed in the creepers of the backwoods. The young men get the honest you animal and Jack needs to murder it, however his ethics and shame hold him from really carrying out the thing. In the scene where the young men initially figure out how to really catch and slaughter a pig, they as of now give a few qualities of brutality, for instance their painted countenances , or the reality, that they need to murder the pig and appreciate executing it or that they yield to the all out free for all and euphoria after the murder. Guaranteed by his achievement in chasing Jack begins increasingly more to address Ralph’s force and authority and as the contention between the two develops, the conch shell loses a portion of its representative significance. In the book this is accentuated by Golding, by depicting the shell as increasingly pale and delicate, which obviously is emblematic for civilisation and the authority of civilisation getting more fragile and more vulnerable. As the plot proceeds Ralph still attempts to utilize his position to set up rules and uphold good and moral codes of the general public the young men were brought up in. He attempts to get the young men to cooperate on propping a sign fire up and in this way keeping up the expectation of being safeguarded. This sign fire additionally speaks to the general whish of the young men to return home and come back to acculturated society. For whatever length of time that the fire consumes, probably some level of affiliation and wish with and for civilisation can be estimated among the young men. The principal signal fire is kept up until the bits of gossip about a â€Å"snake-thing†, or â€Å"beastie† living on the peak, where the fire is consuming, come up and appear to be demonstrated by a portion of the young men. This faith in a heavenly being or monster is an away from for the loss of intensity of balanced reasoning and human rationale that are both a component of socialized society. At the point when the young men relinquish the post of the sign fire, they additionally surrender a portion of their expectation of being safeguarded and it appears as though they are as of now beginning to overlook, that they need to be saved and that they stop to need to come back to civilisation. Jack then again isn't keen on propping a sign fire up, in light of the fact that he wouldn't like to be saved. Ironicly, at long last, he lights off the fire, that prompts their salvage. Another advancement that can be followed all through the book is man chasing, which represents the total plunge into viciousness. It begins after the primary slaughter, when the young men re-sanction the chase and utilize a kid as a pig and beat him up. It step by step raises first with the second re-sanctioning of the subsequent killing, where the young men nearly kill Roger and heightens in the last kill of a person: Simon. This occurs after Jack as straightforwardly pronounced his break with Ralphs gathering, and along these lines his break with all social and humanized qualities, and structures his own clan, that depends on an authoritarian force framework with Jack at its top. He and his young men yield to their savage driving forces totally when they â€Å"do their dance† and â€Å"mistake† Simon for the monster and tare him separated with their uncovered hands. After this the disaster pro ceeds with the homicide of Piggy and the man chase of Ralph. The slaughtering of Piggy likewise causes the conch shell to break and along these lines breaks the last images of civilisation. During the chase on him, Ralph breaks the â€Å"Lord of the Flies†, so the sows head, which is the image of brutality and malice, so as to utilize the stick the head was marked on, and this represents him surrendering to viciousness. Last the young men are safeguarded by a maritime official who, from one viewpoint represents authority and civilisation be that as it may, then again, is associated with a war, so a cultivated man chase, along these lines again demonstrating traits of the most noticeably terrible execution of viciousness, which gives the book an amusing closure.

Critical Path Description and Analysis

Critical Path Description and Analysis Have you ever wondered about how are projects that people would consider to be very complicated and time-consuming organized?There are things in this world that you can’t just jump into without making a really thorough and detailed plan.Some things can actually take time, effort and coordination, sometimes between a big number of people.All that makes us think that managing a project is a really complicated task, and it is.Luckily, there are ways and methods that can be used in order to make everything way easier, like CPA â€" or Critical Path Analysis.WHAT IS THE CRITICAL PATH ANALYSIS?The Critical Path Analysis, also known as the Critical Path Method, or shortened to CPA and CPM respectively, is a method used to set up an array of actions that lead to finishing a project.This method is extremely popular and used in various settings because it’s such a great tool for managing projects.The CPA is based on an algorithm that runs network analysis in order to serve project managers in dealing with complicated and time-sensitive procedures.By definition, Critical Path Analysis is a method that calls for calculating every crucial task that is needed to complete a project.The end result of the critical path is established by determining all the tasks that make up the project, their order and mutual dependency and the longest amount of time that is needed for accomplishing each of those activities that are a part of the path from the beginning until the end.In addition to this, the Critical Path is also ordinarily used along with the Program Evaluation and Review Technique, or PERT for short.Both of these tools make for a really powerful alliance.THE HISTORY OF THE CRITICAL PATH ANALYSISThe first time in history that we can find mentions of the term Critical Path Method (CPM) is in the late 1950s.This is described as the period when the Critical Path is developed and when it was used for the first time.First and foremost, it was developed by Morgan R. Walker of Du Pont and James E. Kelley Jr. of Remington Rand.In 1989 Walker and Kelley published a book by the name of The Origins of CPM: a Personal History, in which they write about their memories regarding the development of the method and the impact it created.Around the same time when the CPM was developed, the U.S. Navy and Booz Allen Hamilton also developed the Program Evaluation and Review Technique, already mentioned above, which is still commonly used along with the Critical Path Method.The importance of this method can be seen in the fact that it was used in many big and well-known projects in order to make their results successful.Like we already know, organizing is one of the most important parts of success.Before it was considered fully developed the CPM had a predecessor between 1940 and 1943 when it was successfully used for the first time in order to help the Manhattan Project, also known as the project that was used to develop nuclear weapons.That being said it’s also really important to note that the Critical Path is usually used in industries that are dedicated to highly complicated projects, such as defense mechanisms, construction of various objects, research projects, engineering, aerospace industries and development of products.However, if you want to look at this from a more familiar perspective, you could see really simplified examples of this method in everyday life. Like for example, in marketing.For example, any project that is made out of tasks that are dependent on each other can be organized by using the Critical Path Method.That could be making food for a big amount of people. Tasks like shopping, preparing, cooking and finishing different parts of different meals are all dependent on each other, and we already organize them organically, because that’s just logical.However, as mentioned above, the true Critical Path method is used in much more complicated and long-term projects.The first time that this method was used in major construct ion was in 1966 during the building of the former World Trade Center Twin Towers in New York City.The timeline of the usage of this method shows fast development, which leads to improvement.That being said, the original CPM approach isn’t actually in use anymore, but the term itself is implemented to any approach that is used to analyze and schedule projects.A More Detailed Look at the Elements of the Critical Path MethodThis method is used to establish everything â€" it’s a base for the whole project.The preparation, the schedule and resources are all fit into a path further established by the method.All of these aspects are crucial when you’re managing a project, and the method helps you keep track of the accomplishments regarding the project goals.The established timeline shows you whether the project is early, on time, or late and needs to be set back on track.Most commonly, the end result of the CP method is shown as a Gantt Chart.This chart can be made using Microsoft Pr oject or any other similar software designed for projects of intermediate complexity, or just a simple Excel spreadsheet for those of low complexity.The point is to help you make progress and test the plan for your project to make sure that it’s successful.The Critical Method Path helps the project manager determine which tasks have to be completed in which time period in order to successfully finish the project before the given deadline.Using this method, you can also identify the tasks that can be delayed without harming the rest of the process.In addition to this, the CP method can also help you determine the minimum amount of time that you’ll need in order to complete all the tasks.This method is flexible in the way that you can always make a new “path” for the tasks once you encounter some kind of obstacle or time-restraint.HOW TO APPLY THE CRITICAL PATH METHODWhen companies are working on a project that involves more complex planning and decision-making, and also risk- taking and higher stakes, it’s really necessary to determine which tasks are a crucial part of the path towards accomplishment.Of course, as the risk of failure increases with complexity, the complexity of the tasks and subtasks that are a part of the project also surges.That’s why it’s important to identify the relationships between all those tasks in order to come up with the right path for the project.To put it very simply, there are always tasks that need to be done, or at least started, before others can begin.That being said, the basic technique of the Critical Path Method is to set up a model of the project that consists of the following:A list of all the tasks or activities that are needed to wrap up the project (this is usually assorted within something called a work breakdown structure)The time (duration of time) that is needed for each task to be accomplishedThe ways that the task are dependent on each other and,Crucial factors and end results like milestones or imp ortant dates when certain tasks have to be finishedWith all of these factors in mind, the Critical Path Method comes up with the lengthiest path of tasks needed to reach the endpoints or to finish the project, and the first and the last moments when tasks can be started or finished in order to meet the deadline and not prolongate the project.By using this method, we find out which tasks are considered to be important or “critical” (on the lengthiest path) and which one of them are not as important or “total float”.If a task is considered to be a “total float” it means that it’s important for the overall result of the project, but that it can be delayed or rescheduled without affecting the length of time needed to finish the project.When a project is managed, a critical path is described as an array of activities that lead up to the longest path duration, not considering whether that path duration has or doesn’t have “float”.This also helps the project managers de termine which path is the shortest path needed to complete a project.However, sometimes “total floats” are very much needed in projects.For example, maybe a certain task has to be done at a certain time, or a certain place, or it just happens that some important resources are missing and they have to be acquired.All of these things take time away from the projects and make them longer, but they are considered a part of the total float.If we already make the total float a part of the path, or to make it simple if we already count in all the extra time needed for tasks, we won’t actually elongate the project path as we will have time to reschedule or delay tasks so that they suit us.It’s important to note that not all tasks have to be “total float”.Another way to differentiate the tasks is to assign them as either parallel tasks or sequential tasks. Sequential tasks are the ones that have to be done in a certain order.Sometimes this means that a task has to be completely d one in order to start the next one, but tasks can also be partially done.On the other hand, parallel tasks are considered to be non-dependent, and they signify tasks that can be done at any time during the stages of the plan, before or after them, without consequences regarding the outcome.As has been noted, some projects can be so complex that they require more complicated project paths. Some of them might even have to have a number of parallel critical paths.That being said, even if a project consists out of multiple paths, there’s still a kind of a hierarchy between them.If there’s another parallel path in the project, but it has a shorter duration or fewer tasks than the other path, it’s labeled as a sub-critical or a non-critical path.Tasks on this path don’t have critical path drag, and they don’t elongate the time needed for the finalization of the project.The tools used for the Critical Path Method can show us the deadline of the project and the tasks and the durat ion of the tasks that build up to it.HOW TO DRAW A CRITICAL PATH ANALYSIS CHARTIf you want to draw a Critical Path Analysis chart, you should follow these steps:Step 1: Define All the Tasks that Make up the ProjectOnce you do this, it’s also important to define the earliest possible date to begin the task, the approximate amount of time needed to finish them, and whether the task is parallel or sequential.If a task is sequential, you have to establish which of the other task that one is dependent on.This way, you will be able to recognize the paths and patterns in which a project has to be done.This can be easy to do in the form of a table.The example shown here is very simple. Let’s say that you have a project and that you established that it consists out of 6 tasks.TaskOrderDurationAStarting task1 weekBBegin when A finished5 daysCBegin when A finished5 daysDBegin when B and C finished3 daysEBegin when D finished2 daysFBegin when E finished4 daysStep 2: Organize the Tasks in th e Form of a Circle and Arrow DiagramThe Critical Path Method is often shown in the form of a circle and arrow diagram. In these diagrams, the circles stand for the particular tasks or activities, like for example the starting and finishing tasks. The circles are marked with corresponding task letters or numbers.These marks are used to identify the tasks with ease. In some cases, you will find that the circles are also defined as nodes.The arrows between the circles in these diagrams show the path of the task and what is needed to accomplish it.The description is usually written on the bottom side of the arrow, while the expected duration of the task is written on top.It’s also usual that the arrows go from left to right.Just like circles can be called nodes, arrows are also sometimes known as arcs.Here’s an example of a very simple diagram: In the diagram given as an example, we can see that starting point (circle A), and the end result (circle B) are connected by an arrow which shows the description (below the arrow) and the duration (above the arrow/1 week) of the event at hand.However, in the table given above as an example of the project, we can see the case when not one, but two activities can’t begin if the first activity hasn’t been completed. Diagrams like this tend to branch out in different directions, but still meet at the endpoint. In this case, both the activity B and activity C can’t be started until activity A is done, and activity D can’t be started until both activities B and C are finished. The next step towards creating a full path diagram is to calculate the estimated starting time, or EST for short, of each of these activities.This is easy, as in the table above, we already defined the estimated time that we will need for all of these tasks to be done.If you want a better explanation of these diagrams, check out this video: For example, the EST for both tasks B and C is 1 week, because that’s how much time we need to finish up task A. But in order to calculate the EST for task D we have to add the amount of time needed to finish tasks B and C onto that one week.Because both task B and task C can be done kind of independently at the same time, and both take 5 days to accomplish, we can just add those 5 days onto that one week.That would mean that the EST for task D is now 12 days or 1.7 weeks.You can add these estimated starting times to the diagram by writing them down in the upper right quadrant of the circle. The timing of the events can be changeable.Another important thing is calculating the LFTs, or better known as the latest finishing time.These signify the latest time that an activity can be done and are dependent on the established deadline.Once you determine the LFT of a task, you can write it down in the bottom right quadrant of the circle to keep track of the timeline.Important things to note about these diagrams are the following:Each task is labeled by either letter or number for easier understandingTasks are not drawn to scale. Each circle and each arrow are the same size and lengthThe starting time (written in the upper right quadrant) is usually marked as 0This critical path has to be followed in order to deliver the wanted results on time, and in case that doesn’t happen certain repercussions have to be taken in order to get the project back on track.Crit ical Path Analysis is also often used in project dedicated industries, but there are ways to use it in manufacturing and such.WHAT IS CRASH DURATION?Sometimes we will have to finish a project way earlier than was anticipated, and way earlier than we thought was possible.Crash duration is a term used to describe the absolutely shortest possible time period when a task needs to be scheduled or finished.It’s usually used to reschedule the path of the project so as to fit the new deadline.However, crash duration or crash action does have a price.When you look at tasks from this point of view, you have to determine what’s important: cost, quality or time?If you find out that quality and time are important to you, you might have to invest more than you initially thought to do so that you can finish the project on time.For example, if you have to finish a task two times earlier than previously imagined, let’s say your timeline narrows from 8 weeks to 4 weeks, you might have to hire t wice the amount of people that you already have to finish that task.That, in turn, doubles the price of the project but can be good in terms of productivity and social facilitation.In other examples, you can see that crash action can completely change the path of the project and change which tasks are listed ac parallel or sequential.We highly recommend using software such as Microsoft Project to make your CPA charts.There are also other programs that you could use.FLEXIBILITYUnfortunately, it’s often that a schedule generated by the critical path method wasn’t used precisely.In addition to this, the whole method of calculating time and establishing deadlines is based on estimations.That being said, humans usually make mistakes when it comes to time estimates, as it all boils down to their current interest. If we make one mistake at the beginning of the path, the whole end result will be different.This is why it’s important to never blindly believe the estimated times and to t ake everything with a pinch of salt. You don’t want to ruin the whole project by overestimating yourself or your team.However, if the estimated times are realistic, there’s no problem.The Critical Path Method is made in such a way that changes won’t really affect it if it’s used properly.Everything can be rescheduled or adjusted in a way that suits you.PERT (PROGRAM EVALUATION AND REVIEW TECHNIQUE)PERT is very similar to the Critical Path Analysis, but the view that it has on estimated times is a bit more doubtful.In order to use it, you have to take in mind the estimated shortest time an activity will take, the most realistic amount of time, and the absolute longest time if a task takes more than what was expected at first.   After that you use the formula below: This helps us determine the actual most likely time that it will take to finish a task.ANALYSIS OF THE METHODThe most important pros and cons of this method can be summed up like this:Pros:Can potentially help you reduce risks and investments that you need to makeMakes you think carefully about the project itselfHelps you realize the important parts of the projectsHelps you determine which tasks are “floats” and where you could transfer resourcesIt contributes both to making decisions and planning the project pathProvides you with a simple view of even the most complicated projectsConnects well to planning, financing and budgetingCons:The Critical Path Methods relies extremely on humans and their estimates â€" which can be very wrongJust because you have a CPA doesn’t mean that your project is going to successful â€" it takes way more than just a good plan to accomplish somethingLast-minute time changes might not really sit well with resources that you had in mindIf there are t oo many activities, the diagrams might become too complicated, and you might have to break the activities down into sub-activitiesEach project is unique in its own way and calls for a different approachIn addition to the statement made previously, we can further argue that the CPA can make a really big difference when it comes to project planning and the sole existence of the plan might help the project come through.By realizing which parts of the plan are important, we can focus on them more and improve them.We hope that this explanation of the CPA makes sense to you and that you will find a good and successful way to use it!

Cuban Economics Essay - 4542 Words

Introduction Modern Cuba is a country born of struggle. The revolutionary movement that formed the modern day government has remained in power for more than forty years. Indeed, the Cuban government is perhaps one of the most stable governments in the region. This fact is made even more evident by the recent fall of democracy in Haiti. However, the past ten years has seen a marked change in Cuban economic policy. Ostracized from the international community and faced with an embargo imposed by the United States, Cuba has turned to various sources of economic reform in order to survive in a global market. Background (1959 – 1991) During the early period after the revolution, Cuba’s primary economic base was based upon one†¦show more content†¦187, 210). During this time period, Cuba depended on the Soviet Union for 98 percent of its oil and seventy-five percent of its total energy needs (Theirot, pgs. 258). Despite Cuban economic woes, the Cubans did enjoy some success in other areas. First, the redistribution of wealth was responsible for reducing malnutrition. Second, the Cuban government established a national health care system that rivaled even developed countries. Third, the Cuban government developed a multilevel educational system that resulted in the near complete elimination of illiteracy. And fourth, the Cuban population was infused with a strong sense of nationalistic pride (Theirot, pgs. 257-258). At the social level, the Cubans managed to address some of the basic problems plaguing other Third-World countries such as hunger, health, and education. However, at the economic level, Cuba still had a long way to go and the need to address economic issues became urgent on the eve of the fall of the Soviet Union. It is this environment of economic decline and political uncertainty that greeted the Cuban Fourth Party Congress in 1991. Transition Point – Fourth Party Congress (1991) Since the 1975, the Cuban Communist Party (Partido Comunista de Cuba, PCC) held a series of meetings known as the Party Congresses. These meetings generally served to celebrate Cuba’s participation in a revolution againstShow MoreRelatedThe Crisis Of The United States1271 Words   |  6 Pagesthat a country economic standing relies heavily on its literacy rate and vice versa, but one country that has proved that wrong is Cuba. Although Cuba currently holds a reputable global standing as one of the best educational systems in the world, this didn t come about without its fair share of struggles resulting from its diplomatic crisis with the United States. The US-Cuba relations is one that statistically should have resulted in the collapse of the Cuban social and economic systems unlessRead MoreShould the U.S. Government Drop Its Sanctions against Cuba?1676 Words   |  7 Pagesbegin falling apart. Cuba lost its international allies and became helpless both economically and p olitically in the international seen, and it is no longer a threat to US interests. In spite of this, in 1992 the US congress passed the so called the â€Å"Cuban Democracy Act†. The sanctions against Cuba strengthened, and the objectives of the sanctions are also transformed from containing communism to bringing freedom and democracy to the people of Cuba. Still, the multifaceted and half a century old sanctionsRead MoreThe Cross Pollination Religious Customs And Material Culture921 Words   |  4 PagesThe cross-pollination religious customs and material culture in the Cuban Diaspora has provided a wealth of indigenous and assimilative sources (Gordon, 2014: 53), and this has afforded Mendive a rich abundance of inherited iconography of fauna, flora and otherworldly phenomena to consume and use in the process of creating his artworks. 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Now capitalism is, â€Å"An economic system characterized by private or corporate ownership of capital goods, by investments that are determined by private decision, and by prices, production, and the distribution of goods that are determined mainly by competition in a free market â€Å"– Merriam Webster dictionary. Capitalism was founded by Adam Smith. Smith believed that the world of economics fell under â€Å"natural laws†, and that government involvement wouldRead MoreThe Cuban Revolution And Its Effect On Identity1723 Words   |  7 PagesDreaming in Cuban is a novel by Cuban American author Cristina Garcia. This essay focuses on the impact of the Cuban revolution and its effect on identity within the Cuban diaspora. This essay argues that Dreaming in Cuban illustrates the impact of the Cuban revolution on women and how it has affected their identities as Cuban women. Therefore, this essay will assess the structure of the novel, it will identify key historical, and geographical contexts in which these events took place. The essayRead MoreThe Tampa Museum Of Art1308 Words   |  6 Pageswhat was on exhibit. After which, I will choose two works of art and preform an analysis on them. I will employ the formal elements and the principles of design to engage the first piece, â€Å"The Great Journey†. With my second choice â€Å"A Group of Cubans who left Manzanillo are Rescued at Sea†, I will discuss how a pplying an alternative contextual analysis would help in understanding the meaning behind the painting more. The museum was celebrating â€Å"Family Day† as well as Hispanic Heritage Month

Essay on Pointing the Finger in John Milton’s Paradise Lost

Pointing the Finger in Paradise Lost After the fall in Milton’s Paradise Lost, Adam and Eve bicker and blame one another for their decent. First, Adam accuses Eve for her physical act of accepting the apple from Satan and eating it, thus defying God’s decree not to eat from the Tree of Knowledge. In retaliation, Eve responds and attempts to not only justify her act, but also to place the blame on Adam. Eve’s reaction is typical of someone who does not like to admit he is wrong. Eve begins by challenging Adam with an argument that he would have done the same thing had he been in her situation. [Had’st] thou been there,/ Or here th’ attempt, thou couldst not have discern’d/ Fraud in the Serpent, speaking as he spake (IX†¦show more content†¦At the same time, this revelation shows that virtue can be blinding. After all, Satan was disguised as a snake, and snakes are well known to be sly creatures. However, since Adam and Eve represent the first of God’s human creations on earth before the fall of man, Eve did not have any knowledge of deceit. Thus, Eve is in a lose-lose situation: she must trust Satan to prove her virtue, and in effect she falls; or she must thwart her innate trusting instincts and avoid falling. Her plight coins the phrase, damned if you do and damned if you don’t in a very literal sense. Next, Eve reveals a personal motive; she wants to gain individuality. She wonders, Was I to have never parted from thy side? (IX 1153) and answers her own question responding, As good have grown there still a lifeless Rib (IX 1154). She suggests that if she had remained at Adam’s side forever and not ventured on her own, she never would have lived. She is trying to gain Adam’s respect for herself as her own person. Conversely, Adam could easily feel abused by this comment since Eve is also suggesting that life with him is unfulfilling. This argument is the least effective in her entire speech. It is hard for a speaker to maintain an audience’s appeal when he withdraws himself from an unselfish motive and takes on a self-centered one. In retraction, Eve withdraws her previous declaration

Enabling various Free Essays

It has brought people closer together by enabling various forms f interpersonal communication, notably e-mail, instant messaging, video conferencing, and social networking. And it has allowed consumers to purchase virtually anything at any time, while providing producers with direct access to a wide range of markets. Furthermore, the Internet Is a bustling industry, spurred by entrepreneurship and supported by a variety of Industries and large enterprises. We will write a custom essay sample on Enabling various or any similar topic only for you Order Now Online productivity tools and communications advancements provide benefits to almost all enterprises and governments. The Internet has helped governments to broaden their services to citizens and improve their delivery. In a very short period, it has become difficult for most of us to imagine a world without instant and continuous access to the Internet. Series in which we examined the Internet’s impact on a group of developing countries that have both the scale and the dynamism to become significant players on the global stage in the near future (see Online and upcoming: The Internet’s impact on aspiring countries, McKinney Company, January 2012). It also builds on our earlier assessment of the impact of the Internet on the advanced economies and several large developing economies, such as China, Brazil, Russia and India (see McKinney Global Institute, Internet matters: The Net’s sweeping impact on growth, Jobs, and prosperity, May 2011). As an ongoing body of work, our view of the Internet’s impact on India is evolving. The insights and conclusions presented in this report are refinements of our earlier multi-country work, based on an in-depth assessment of India-specific data and multiple expert interviews in India. As data sources improve and the body of knowledge relating to the Internet expands in India, we look forward to continue to evolve our perspectives. Our research focuses on the way the Internet affects Indian’s economy currently, and TTS potential to do so in future. In our attempt to understand the impact of the Internet, we focus on how economic growth and prosperity have been affected; we also seek to discover how individuals, entrepreneurs, enterprises, and public sector entities have been transformed. In addition to assessing the Internet landscape and its impact on the various groups of participants, we examine the potential for India to utilize the particular strengths of its economy to enable businesses and individuals to derive greater benefits from the Internet. We do not offer prescriptive policies, but Ochs on opportunities and possibilities for India to accelerate its efforts to capture the Internet’s benefits. This is an independent McKinney Company report that draws on various sources: research from Muckiness’s Technology, Media, and Telecoms Practice; information from academic and public sources; research conducted with Google; and work from the McKinney Global Institute (MGM’), the business and economics research arm of McKinney Company. Without the contributions of the academics and researchers who are cited throughout the report, our effort would not have been possible. To understand the trends in Internet activity in India versus other countries, we relied on several analytical approaches: (1) we constructed macroeconomic analyses for India, taking into account data related to Internet expenditure, Internet usage, the infrastructure, and various other environmental enablers of the Internet; (2) we conducted microanalyses of various Internet ecosystem participants and user groups, using publicly available data and interviews with company chief technology officers (Cots); (3) we surveyed about 550 small and medium-sized enterprises (Seems) in India; (4) we utilized data from Muckiness’s proprietary Digital Consumer surveys in India in 2010 and 2012; (5) we constructed a forward-looking view on the potential size of the Internet user base in India; and (6) we conducted thought experiments to behavior could shape the Internet landscape. To test our conclusions, we interviewed industry experts in India and asked academics to review our findings. As a result, we are confident that the findings are directionally robust, despite the challenges of limited data availability. However, there is a clear need to conduct further research ND analysis on the basis of enriched sets of data, given the growing importance of the Internet and its transformational impact. The project was led by Chanced Misbranding, a McKinney principal in Bangor, and Ann. Mammogram, a senior fellow at MGM’ in Iambi, along with Noshing Kaka, managing director of McKinney in India, James Monika, a McKinney and MGM’ director in San Francisco, Michael Chug, a senior fellow at MGM’ in San Francisco and Jacques Bugging, a McKinney director in Brussels. Malcolm Gomes managed the project team of Chums Gain, Million Speaker, and Emmanuel Thomas. We are grateful for the review, challenge and advice provided by our academic advisers for this research: we thank Martin N. Bally, the Bernard L. Schwartz Chair in Economic Policy Development at the Brooking Institution, and Rakes Moan, professor in the Practice of International Economics of Finance, School of Management, Yale University. We are also grateful for the insights of Raja Amanda, Betsy Massively, and Armament Sings at Google. The authors would like to acknowledge Muckiness’s researchers who made significant contributions to the fact base: Shirr Guppy from MGM’ Economics and Durum Vary from Muckiness research and information network. Finally, we offer special thanks to the industry experts we interviewed during this project. For their perspectives on the evolution of the Internet landscape in India we thank Sunnis Abraham, Director of the Centre for Internet and Society; Raja Katharine, Director and Chief Executive of ‘CRIER; Some Imitate, President of MASCOT; and Sub Ray, President of the Internet Mobile Association of India. For their insights into the Internet-related investments of their enterprises and the prospects for Internet innovation in India, we thank the many Cots and technology company executives we interviewed. All references to specific companies in this report come from public sources. Our aspiration is to provide facts and analyses to better understand some of the most important trends that are shaping the Internet in India. We hope our findings will enrich the dialogue about the ways that businesses, policy makers, and innovators can accelerate Indian’s Internet transformation. Principal, McKinney Company Bangor Senior Fellow, McKinney Global Institute Iambi Managing Director, India, McKinney Company Director, McKinney Company, and Director, McKinney Global Institute San Francisco San Francisco Jacques Bugging Director, McKinney Company Brussels 1 billion Internet users in 30 aspiring countries? half of the global tally of Internet users 120 million Internet users in India: the third largest user base in the world Across seven aspiring countries the average number of Internet users for every 100 people is 3410 compared to in India The average number of fixed broadband subscribers for every 100 people across the seven aspiring countries is 7 1 Our illustrative subset of seven of the â€Å"aspiring† countries, I. E. , Argentina, Brazil, China, Malaysia, the Philippines, South Africa, and Vietnam. 1. % average contribution of the Internet to GAP across all aspiring countries, versus in developed countries 3. 4% contribution of the Internet to Indian’s GAP, amounting to $30 billion $12 billion average estimated consumer surplus associated with Internet usage across the seven aspiring countries, versus $9 billion Average international bandwidth capacity for every 10,000 people across the seven aspiring 28 Mbps 6 Mbps Contents Executive summary Indian’s Internet landscape Economic impact of the Internet 18 Indian’s Internet ecosystem 25 Impact on principal user groups 29 A vision for broad-based Internet inclusion Appendix: Methodology and approaches Bibliography 53 The Internet today connects more than two billion people worldwide. The Internet already has immense impact on the global economy, contributing an estimated $1. 7 trillion, or Just under 3 percent, of global GAP in 2010. 1 Yet half the number of Internet users lives outside the advanced economies, often in countries that are quickly developing, have significant economic potential and are socially and culturally diverse. India has about 120 million people online today and offers a striking example of the Internet’s growth potential. India is adopting the Internet at a much more rapid pace than advanced economies and even many developing economies, yet 90 percent of its population is currently not connected. This report assesses the impact of the Internet on Indian’s economy, estimating its impact on GAP. Looking beyond that, we measure the Internet’s broader impact in terms of consumer surplus and the development of Internet ecosystems. We also look at the ways in which various participants have benefited from the Internet already. We measure Indian’s environment for e-commerce and entrepreneurship, and we analyze in detail the impact of the Internet on its small and medium-sized enterprises (Seems). Finally, we assess the potential for the future impact of the Internet and what it would take for India to bring this potential into being. As a basis for comparison, we use a set of 57 middle-income developing nations, and some populous but less-developed nations; these collectively constitute 91 percent of world GAP. Thirty of these countries are what we call â€Å"aspiring countries,† defined as having the scale and dynamism to fuel economic performance in the global economy while driving significant domestic Roth and offering prosperity to their own citizens. These aspiring countries have a collective GAP of $19 trillion, or 30 percent of global GAP. We focus our comparisons with India more closely on an illustrative subset of seven of the aspiring countries: Argentina, Brazil, China, Malaysia, the Philippines, South Africa and Vietnam. Of the set of more than 20 developed countries in our database, we focus our comparisons on five: Germany, South Korea, Sweden, the United Kingdom, and the United States. Our report offers seven key findings concerning the impact of and outlook for the Internet in India: 1. Indian’s base of about 120 million Internet users is currently the third-largest in the world. Though Indian’s users spend less time online per capita than users in developed countries, their pattern of online behavior is rapidly converging. The Internet’s role in communication, social networking, and informing and influencing Indian’s consumers in categories such as apparel, books, financial services, and travel is already comparable with that of developed countries. 2. India is likely to have the second-largest user base in the world, and the largest in arms of incremental growth, with 330 million to 370 million Internet users in 2015. Given current downward trends in the costs of Internet access and mobile devices, India is on the verge of an Internet boom. In an evolution pattern unique to India, users who access the Internet only through a mobile or tablet device will constitute around 75 percent of new users and 55 percent of the aggregate user base in 201 5, leading to increasing demand for content that is optimized for a small screen. . India has the potential to double its economic contribution from the Internet in the ext three years, from 1. 6 percent of GAP at present to 2. 8 to 3. 3 percent by 2015. Despite the large current base of users, the Internet currently contributes a modest 1. 6 percent to Indian’s GAP, in line with 1 For a detailed account of the Internet’s contribution to GAP in several developed and aspiring cou ntries, see Internet matters: The Net’s sweeping impact on growth, Jobs, and prosperity, McKinney Global Institute, May 2011. Most aspiring countries. This could grow to 2. 8 to 3. 3 percent by 201 5 if India achieves its potential for growth in the number of Internet users and Internet genealogy-related consumption and investment over this period, increasing the Internet’s contribution to GAP from $30 billion today to nearly $100 billion in 2015. This would make the Internet-related economy larger than the education sector and as large as the health care sector, in terms of share of GAP at present. Currently, Indian’s information and communication technology (ACT) exports are the most significant component of the Internet’s impact on GAP. But private consumption, 4. The impact of the Internet in India is constrained by current gaps and obstacles in the Internet ecosystem. While India scores well on the availability of human and financial capital, it rates poorly on Internet infrastructure, Internet engagement, the e-commerce platform, the ease of Internet entrepreneurship, and the impact of e-governance. On most indicators of the strength of the Internet ecosystem, India ranks in the bottom quartile of our comparison set of 57 countries. 5. Although the Internet ecosystem is becoming more vibrant, the benefits have been relatively concentrated. Indian’s Internet start-ups are scaling up through creative adaptations to overcome infrastructural and systemic bottlenecks. Yet, while large enterprises have gained from their early adoption of the Internet, there is scope among individual consumers, Seems and the government sector to significantly increase engagement. Today, Indian’s measurable consumer surplus from the Internet is estimated at $9 per user per month, at the low end of the range for aspiring countries ($9 to $26) and well below the range for developed countries ($18 to $28). Even by 201 5, with overall Internet penetration likely to reach 28 percent, rural penetration is likely to be Just 9 percent. 6. India can achieve broad-based Internet impact by aiming for the digital inclusion of nearly 40 percent of its population, to reach a user base of 500 million by 2015, rather than the likely target of 330 million to 370 million. Most of the additional 150 million to 160 million users would be individuals and small businesses in semi-urban and rural parts of the country. Extending Internet access to these segments of the population, and promoting the usage of many more online services, would enable India to derive much more of the intended benefits from government programs of inclusive growth in employment, education, health care, nutrition, and financial services. Concerted actions by policy makers and businesses in five areas can help India achieve an inclusive Internet transformation: reduce the cost of Internet access across devices, content and applications; increase access to low-cost, high-speed connectivity in rural and semi-urban India beyond the top cities; promote widespread digital literacy through the introduction of devices and content tailored to the local context; devise Internet applications in new areas such as agriculture, health care, education, energy, utilities, and public information; a nd create a more favorable business environment for Internet entrepreneurs to support rapid innovation. 1. Indian’s base of about 120 million Internet users is currently the third-largest in the world, and the pattern of online behavior is rapidly converging with that of users in more developed countries Indian’s large economy, with its young and increasingly urbanize consumer base, offers strong growth potential for Internet usage. Weak infrastructure has kept Indian’s Internet penetration low; at 10 percent, it is much lower than the average of 40 percent across aspiring countries. Even so, with about 120 million people online in 2011, India is the third-largest Internet user base in the oral. Internet users in India spend 20 to 25 hours online per month, about the same as their counterparts in Latin America, but only a quarter of the amount spent by those in Asia Pacific countries such as China and Malaysia. However, the time spent on the Internet per user in India rose 24 percent from 2010 to 2012; more online transactions and entertainment, grew more rapidly than reading and browsing. The share of Indian digital consumers who use online media for search, awareness, and research to purchase products is already high across multiple categories: in apparel (26 percent), travel (51 percent), books (36 percent), and uncial services (30 percent), the proportions are comparable with those in Germany, Japan and the United States. 2. India is on the verge of an Internet boom with a projected user base of 330 million to 370 million by 201 5, which will be the second largest in the world, and the largest in terms of incremental growth Indian’s current Internet user base of about 120 million is likely to nearly treble by 201 5, and will thereby account for approximately 12 percent of the global total (Exhibit El). The projected growth in Indian’s Internet users, an additional 230 million or so between 2011 and 2015, is likely to be the sights incremental growth in the world. In recent years, Indian’s rate of growth of Internet users has been faster than that of many aspiring countries?for example, Malaysia’s Internet user base grew 1. 8 times from 2005 to 2011, and South Africans grew 1. 9 times, while Indian’s grew more than 5 times. Indian’s Internet revolution is being shaped by telecoms players’ strategies to reduce cost of access. Smartened costs are falling rapidly as players achieve scale economies, while the proliferation of G/G services in India is likely to reduce connectivity costs and overcome the challenge of limited fixed-line connections. As a result, nearly 75 percent of new users and more than half of Indian’s base of Internet users in 2015 is likely to be mobile-only subscribers who will use Internet-enabled devices. By contrast, mobile-only users are likely to constitute a mere 10 to 15 percent of the market in Indian’s regional counterparts, China and Malaysia. Indian’s Internet market is therefore likely to require a unique approach to content and application design. Mobile-based users will demand limited textual content and more audio-visual content because of the small screen size of their devices. Furthermore, it will become essential for entrepreneurs and innovators to make their applications or services compatible for users with a basic mobile device, in order to target those in the rural population who might not be able to afford a sophisticated smartened. How to cite Enabling various, Papers

Let Us Now Praise Famous Men Essay Example

Let Us Now Praise Famous Men Essay Let Us Now Praise Famous Men is a photographic essay of life in the poor rural South during the Great Depression.In it, master photographer Walker Evans and writer James Agee form a partnership to chronicle the lives of three families, the Gudgers, the Woods, and the Ricketts. However, the story is much more than simply the diary of peoples daily lives.Agee writes, I believe that every human being is potentially capable within his limits of fully realizing his potentialities; that this, his being cheated and choked of it, is infinitely the ghastliest, commonest, and most inclusive of all the crimes of which the human world can assure itself (Agee and Evans 307).Therefore, this moving book is part chronicle, part social conscious, and part early reality television, combined to create a book that changed the way many looked at the poor and the hungry during the Depression.Eventually, President Franklin D. Roosevelt saw the miscarriages between the poor and the still wealthy in the coun try, and increase the tax burden on the wealthy to help equal out While Agee creates a moving essay on the dignity and promise of Americas poor, the real meat of the book lies in Evans outstanding and moving photography.The photos themselves, 50 of them, use no captions or descriptions to tell the viewer what to look for.They simply present the families as they are, allowing the viewer to make up their own mind about what they are seeing with no explanation.The photos themselves are stark black and white, immediately showing the utter poverty these people survived in, but also illustrating their strength, their dignity, and their Evans uses different camera techniques quite effectively throughout the book.Some shots are close-up, showing the weathered lines on faces, the sheer exhaustion of the heavy work, and the frank understanding o